Facial nerve salvage surgery in parotid gland pathology, nerve grafts for reinnervation of the facial nerve territory, muscle transplants and transpositions in inveterate paralysis, and enrichment nerve grafts in congenital paralysis are performed at the Casa di Cura San Rossore. Synkinesias are treated, when there is an indication, either surgically or with botulinum toxin. Patients are followed up annually and can rely on careful follow-up as well as secondary surgery to touch up any morpho-functional problems related to age and previous surgery.