Vertigo is a sensation of illusory movement or rotation, often accompanied by instability or loss of balance. They can be caused by many conditions, including inner ear problems, ear infections, vestibular disorders, neurological disorders, anxiety or circulatory problems. Treatment depends on the underlying cause. A medical evaluation is important to determine the exact cause of dizziness and appropriate treatment.

Warts are skin growths caused by a viral infection by the human papilloma virus (HPV). They can appear on any part of the body, but are most common on the hands, feet, face and neck. They are often harmless but can be annoying or painful. Some warts may disappear on their own over time, while others require treatment.

Varicocele is a dilation of veins within the scrotum. May cause pain, discomfort or swelling. The exact causes are not always clear, but often involve problems in the valves of the testicular veins. A medical evaluation is important to determine the severity and need for treatment.

A brain tumor is an abnormal mass of cells growing in the brain. They can be benign or malignant, and can cause symptoms such as headaches, cognitive changes, weakness, seizures or difficulty in coordination. The diagnosis and management of brain tumors require the attention of medical specialists.

Trigonitis is an inflammation of the mucosa of the urinary bladder, often associated with urinary infection or irritation. Symptoms include pain or burning during urination, urgency to urinate, increased urinary frequency and sometimes blood in the urine.

Prostate cancer is a cancer that develops in the prostate gland, found only in men. It often grows slowly and can remain asymptomatic for many years. Symptoms include difficulty in urination, pelvic or lower back pain, and blood in urine or semen. Early diagnosis through prostate-specific antigen (PSA) assay and digital rectal examination is crucial for effective management.

Thrombophilia is a condition in which the blood has an increased tendency to clot. It can be caused by genetic or acquired factors and increases the risk of venous thrombosis, such as deep vein thrombosis (DVT) or pulmonary embolism (PE). Symptoms may include swelling, pain or redness in the legs.

A gastric ulcer is an open lesion or sore that forms in the mucosa of the stomach, often caused by Helicobacter pylori infection, overuse of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) or excessive alcohol. Symptoms may include upper abdominal pain, heartburn, nausea and vomiting.

Tumors of the kidney and urinary tract can affect the kidney itself, the ureter, or the urinary bladder. Renal carcinoma is the most common cancer of the kidney and is often associated with symptoms such as blood in the urine, lower back pain or an abdominal mass. Urothelial carcinoma can affect ureter and bladder, causing similar symptoms. Early diagnosis is crucial for effective management.

Venous thrombosis is the formation of a blood clot in a vein, often in the legs (deep vein thrombosis) or lungs (pulmonary embolism). It can cause swelling, pain, redness and, if left untreated, can lead to serious complications such as pulmonary embolism.