• Next-generation ECCIMER LASER for the treatment of refractive situations. This innovative laser represents the highest level of technology on the market today. Thanks to the truncated hypermetrophic profile, developed by Prof. Paolo Vinciguerra, the Excimer Laser is able to create maximal optical zones that avoid nighttime halos, a typical and annoying complication of previous refractive treatments.

• FEMTOSECONDI LASER (click on the name to view the introductory video), for creating super-thin 90-micron flaps, allows Femto Lasik to be performed with maximum corneal tissue sparing. Si tratta della tecnica ad oggi più avanzata per la correzione di ogni tipo di difetto visivo ed è la metodica scelta dalla NASA e dai corpi militari US, per la sicurezza ed i risultati che garantisce. The treatment involves the creation, by femto laser, of a very thin corneal lamella (flap), which is raised to perform excimer laser treatment of the visual defect in the deeper layers of the cornea itself. When the treatment is finished, the flap is repositioned in its initial location, where it naturally adheres in a few seconds by capillarity, as if it were a natural contact lens. The use of this machine also enables the performance of other types of corneal surgeries, such as Corneal Transplantation, the implantation of Intracorneal Rings, and the creation of Intracorneal Pockets for the implantation of Presbyopia corrective micro-lenses.

• FEMTO LASIK ZEISS VISUMAX click on the name to view the introductory video), for performing the innovative procedure Smile, or the treatment of the vices of Myopia and Astigmatism, through micro-cutting and extraction of a corneal lenticule. This type of surgery, which allows us to correct the defect without weakening the cornea and without having to cut its nerves, is reserved for sportsmen, high myopes and those who suffer from dry eye.

• CROSSLINKING ACCELERATED allows the treatment of keratoconus and strengthening of the cornea during a Femto Lasik treatment, where it is deemed necessary (ex. thin corneas).

• FEMTO CATARACT (click on the name to view the introductory video in English), for the treatment of cataracts, performed in the operating room. The Femto Cataract allows the lens to be shattered with the eye closed, ensuring maximum precision and safety for the patient, and spares the cornea from ultra-sonic suffering in the most absolute way, which happens in traditional cataract surgery. Following this treatment, multifocal lens implantation can thus be carried out at a later date for the correction of refractive defects, both near and far, in complete safety.

Benefits available for pediatric ophthalmology:

1. Examination of the orbital region
2. Examination of dioptric media
3. Examination of reflexes
4. Assessment of visual function and possible measurement of acuity
5. Assessment of visual axis alignment and examination of extrinsic ocular motility
6. Evaluation of refractive defects
7. Ocular fundus examination
8. Ocular ultrasound
9. Ultrasound of the lacrimal tract
10. Autorefractometry
11. Transpalpebral tonometry ( congenital/infantile glaucoma screening)

The Child’s Visit

From a practical point of view, it will be useful to make an initial examination in the very first months of life, to exclude the presence of defects that hinder normal development, always taking into account, in analyzing the child’s responses, physiological immaturities due to age.

In the event that this checkup shows no signs of pathology, a second checkup can be done around the 3rd year and then around the 5th, this is to prevent possible amblyopia due to factors that in the neonatal examination may not yet have presented themselves.

Examining the child requires a proper strategy in scheduling the various stages of the examination, postponing those diagnostic tests that strain the relationship with the young patient (since they require, for example, the application of eye drops)and those that are only secondary or incidental to the diagnosis.

It is perhaps superfluous to emphasize, therefore, that the order of investigations we suggest will then be usefully adapted by the specialist to individual cases.

The Phases of the Visit

1. Family, maternal and personal history
2. Inspection of the face and orbital region
3. Examination of dioptric media
4. Examination of reflexes
5. Assessment of visual function and possible measurement of acuity
6. Assessment of visual axis alignment and examination of extrinsic ocular motility
7. Evaluation of refractive defects
8. Ocular fundus examination
9. Ocular ultrasound
10. Ultrasound of the lacrimal tract
11. Autorefractometry
12. Transpalpebral tonometry ( congenital/infantile glaucoma screening)

• General anesthesia. It is induced through the use of hypnotic and analgesic drugs administered intravenously, followed by maintenance by inhaled or intravenous drugs. Often patients under general anesthesia are immobilized with muscle relaxant drugs and thus require full respiratory function support via artificial ventilators. At the end of surgery, the action of these drugs is antagonized and anesthesia relieved until the patient fully recovers his or her ventilatory autonomy. Patients are then transferred to an awakening area, from where they are discharged to return to the ward at the time of complete recovery of consciousness and cardiorespiratory homeostasis.
• Loco-regional anesthesia. There are many techniques of loco-regional anesthesia. The most commonly used are spinal anesthesia and epidural anesthesia. These techniques involve injection of local anesthetics within the dural sac or into the epidural space with blockage of nerve fibers carrying painful information from the periphery to the central nervous system. Spinal and epidural anesthesia are performed individually for limb or lower abdominal surgeries, while for upper abdominal surgeries they are routinely combined with sedation for patient comfort. Generally, epidural anesthesia involves the placement of a catheter that allows local anesthetics and analgesics to be infused for the first few days after surgery, optimizing pain control and thus the patient’s functional recovery after surgery.
• Peripheral blocks. It is a technique used for orthopedic procedures involving the extremities.
• Local anesthesia. Instead, many surgical procedures, such as eye surgeries or outpatient surgeries, are performed with local anesthesia by direct infiltration of anesthetic mixtures at the site of injury. Usually more or less deep sedation is combined to give better results.

Surgery is always accompanied by pain both at the wound site and in areas distant from the wound.

Treating acute postoperative pain, in addition to ethical reasons, stems from the observation that it is accompanied by pathophysiological changes in organs and systems, which can expose the patient to various complications.
Such a service is therefore of paramount importance because reduces postoperative issues and accelerates the patient’s recovery, decreasing the days of hospitalization.

Adequate pain treatment cannot be achieved without the continuous patient monitoring and the close cooperation between medical and nursing staff.
The organizational model adopted by the Casa di Cura San Rossore involves cooperation between the following professional figures:

• The anesthesiologist applies protocols, performs quality control, evaluates benefits and side effects, and assesses the patient’s pain.
• Inpatient nurse: monitors vital parameters, administers therapy and detects the extent of pain.

Childbirth pain is very intense: treating the pain of labor can help not only to improve the quality of life of the mother-to-be, but also to reduce the effects that the pain itself causes on the maternal-fetal unit.
Birth is divided into three moments, referred to as the dilatative phase, expulsive phase, and secondment phase. The accompanying pain can be described as biphasic. The dilatational phase is characterized by intermittent, poorly localized pain that is synchronous with uterine contractions and increases as the cervix dilates.
As labor progresses, the expulsive phase approaches, and the presented part descends, the pain becomes more localized and more intense: the patient feels it in the pelvic, vaginal, and perineal sites.
The purpose of epidural analgesia is to take away the painful sensation;
Epidural puncture, performed at the lumbar intervertebral level, can be performed in any consenting patient in whom there are no clinical contraindications.
The anesthesiologist positions the epidural catheter and begins administration of medication: contractions will gradually appear less painful until they are felt as a sense of pressure.
Pain reduction does not imply muscle paralysis, so the woman can move and walk.
The epidural catheter can be leveraged to give epidural anesthesia for an eventual cesarean section, administering a more concentrated dose of anesthetic drug.

It has 3 operating room and a delivery room dotted of anesthesia equipment with automatic ventilation system and continuous cardiovascular and respiratory monitoring, anarea for awakening and preparing the patient.

MAIN TREATMENTS

• Intensive treatment of critical patients, in particular:
  • Treatment of respiratory failure;
  • Treatment of cardiovascular failure (septic, hypovolemic and cardiogenic shock);
  • Pharmacological/dialytic treatment of acute renal failure associated with cardiovascular, respiratory, or septic conditions;
• Intensive vital function monitoring of surgical and post-surgical patients
• Assisting/sitting at the Conventional Radiology Service (assisting during the introduction of contrast medium in allergic patients)
• Care/seating at the Endoscopy Service

The Anesthesia Service uses treatment protocols based on major national and international guidelines.

Features:

4 inpatient beds equipped for complete hemodynamic monitoring, with mechanical respiratory assistance system capable of providing various forms of ventilation and infusion pump systems to precisely administer drugs and nutrients.